Controlling vibration output from a computing device

ABSTRACT

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for controlling vibrations output by one or more computing devices. A plurality of computing devices may form an ad hoc group using vibration signals. A computing device may suspend generation of a tactile vibration and/or sound as a notification of a received communication or other event.

BACKGROUND

In a meeting or other gathering, an individual may check his or hermobile device when a ringtone or vibration is generated by anotherperson's mobile device. For example, in a conference room, some meetingparticipants may put their mobile phones on a table, and many of thosemobile phones may vibrate or generate a notification sound during thecourse of the meeting. Uncontrolled vibration signals or soundsgenerated by a plurality of mobile phones may be disruptive anddistracting.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary of certain features. Thesummary is not an extensive overview, and is not intended to identifykey or critical elements.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for controllingvibration output by of computing devices. A temporary communicationnetwork may be established among an ad hoc group of computing devices bysensing vibration signals generated by those computing devices.Computing devices in the ad hoc group may have unique vibration patternsthat may be used in communications with other computing devices in thegroup. Computing devices may suspend generation of a tactile vibrationand/or sound as a notification of a received communication or otherevent, but may output a visual notification of the event during thatsuspension. Computing devices may change a notification mode to adifferent notification mode (e.g., a vibration mode, or a sound mode)based on ambient conditions, may set a common notification time windowin which computing devices in an ad hoc group may generate vibrations,may set up short-range wireless communication connections usingvibration signals, and/or may perform other operations.

These and other features and advantages are described in greater detailbelow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some features herein are illustrated by way of example, and not by wayof limitation, in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, likenumerals reference similar elements.

FIG. 1A shows an example communication network.

FIG. 1B shows hardware elements of an example computing device.

FIG. 2 shows an example of mobile device that may form an ad hoc group.

FIGS. 3A to 3C are a flow charts showing example methods for forming anad hoc group.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example method for determining asurrounding environment and controlling vibration signals of one or moremobile devices.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an example method for processing one ormore vibration signals with other mobile devices.

FIG. 6A shows an example device display outputting a positiveacknowledgement.

FIG. 6B shows an example device display outputting a negativeacknowledgement.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing an example method for managing anotification mode.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are flow charts showing example methods for suspending anotification vibration.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example method for establishing ashort-range wireless communication session using a vibration signal of amobile device.

FIG. 10 shows a plurality of mobile devices forming an ad hoc group byusing a vibration communication and a mobile communication.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show additional examples of mobile devices that mayform ad hoc groups.

FIG. 12 shows an example vibration pattern generated or detected by amobile device.

FIG. 13 shows example vibration patterns assigned to mobile devices inan ad hoc group.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, show examples ofthe disclosure. It is to be understood that the examples shown in thedrawings and/or discussed herein are non-exclusive and that there areother examples of how the disclosure may be practiced.

FIG. 1A shows an example communication network 100. The communicationnetwork 100 may be any type of information distribution network, such assatellite, telephone, cellular, wireless, etc. Examples may include anoptical fiber network, a coaxial cable network, and/or a hybridfiber/coax distribution network. The communication network 100 may use aseries of interconnected communication links 101 (e.g., coaxial cables,optical fibers, wireless links, etc.) to connect multiple premises 102(e.g., businesses, homes, consumer dwellings, train stations, airports,etc.) to a local office 103 (e.g., a headend). The local office 103 maytransmit downstream information signals and receive upstream informationsignals via the communication links 101. Each of the premises 102 mayhave equipment, described below, to receive, send, and/or otherwiseprocess those signals.

Communication links 101 may originate from the local office 103 and maybe split to exchange information signals with the various premises 102.The communication links 101 may include components not illustrated, suchas splitters, filters, amplifiers, etc. to help convey signals clearly.The communication links 101 may be coupled to an access point 127 (e.g.,a base station of a cellular network, a Wi-Fi access point, etc.)configured to provide wireless communication channels to communicatewith one or more mobile devices 125. The mobile devices 125 may includecellular mobile devices, and the wireless communication channels may beWi-Fi IEEE 802.11 channels, cellular channels (e.g., LTE), and/orsatellite channels. The mobile device 125 may be a mobile device such asone of the mobile devices 225 described in connection with FIG. 2 and/orone of the mobile devices described in connection with other FIGS.

The local office 103 may include an interface 104, such as a terminationsystem (TS). The interface 104 may be a cable modem termination system(CMTS), which may be a computing device configured to managecommunications between devices on the network of the communication links101 and backend devices such as servers 105-107 and 122. The interface104 may be configured to place data on one or more downstreamfrequencies to be received by modems at the various premises 102, and toreceive upstream communications from those modems on one or moreupstream frequencies.

The local office 103 may also include one or more network interfaces 108which may permit the local office 103 to communicate with various otherexternal networks 109. The external networks 109 may include, forexample, networks of Internet devices, telephone networks, cellulartelephone networks, fiber optic networks, local wireless networks (e.g.,WiMAX), satellite networks, and any other desired network, and thenetwork interface 108 may include the corresponding circuitry needed tocommunicate on the external networks 109, and to other devices on theexternal networks. For example, the local office 103 may also oralternatively communicate with a cellular telephone network and itscorresponding mobile devices 125 (e.g., cell phones, smartphone, tabletswith cellular radios, laptops communicatively coupled to cellularradios, etc.) via the interface 108.

The push notification server 105 may generate push notifications todeliver data and/or commands to the various premises 102 in the network(or more specifically, to the devices in the premises 102 that areconfigured to detect such notifications). The content server 106 may beone or more computing devices that are configured to provide content tousers at their premises. This content may be, for example, video ondemand movies, television programs, songs, text listings, web pages,articles, news, images, files, etc. The content server 106 (or,alternatively, an authentication server) may include software tovalidate user identities and entitlements, to locate and retrieverequested content and to initiate delivery (e.g., streaming) of thecontent to the requesting user(s) and/or device(s). The applicationserver 107 may be a computing device configured to offer any desiredservice, and may execute various languages and operating systems (e.g.,servlets and JSP pages running on Tomcat/MySQL, OSX, BSD, Ubuntu,Redhat, HTMLS, JavaScript, AJAX and COMET). For example, an applicationserver may be responsible for collecting television program listingsinformation and generating a data download for electronic program guidelistings. Another application server may be responsible for monitoringuser viewing habits and collecting that information for use in selectingadvertisements. Yet another application server may be responsible forformatting and inserting advertisements in a video stream beingtransmitted to the premises 102. The local office 103 may includeadditional servers, including an ad hoc group server 122 (describedbelow), additional push, content, and/or application servers, and/orother types of servers. Although shown separately, the push server 105,the content server 106, the application server 107, the ad hoc groupserver 122, and/or other server(s) may be combined. The servers 105,106, 107, and 122, and/or other servers, may be computing devices andmay include memory storing data and also storing computer executableinstructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause theserver(s) to perform steps described herein.

An example premise 102 a may include an interface 120. The interface 120may include any communication circuitry needed to allow a device tocommunicate on one or more of the links 101 with other devices in thenetwork. The interface 120 may include a modem 110, which may includetransmitters and receivers used to communicate via the links 101 withthe local office 103. The modem 110 may be, for example, a coaxial cablemodem (for coaxial cable lines of the communication links 101), a fiberinterface node (for fiber optic lines of the communication links 101),twisted-pair telephone modem, cellular telephone transceiver, satellitetransceiver, local Wi-Fi router or access point, or any other desiredmodem device. A plurality of modems operating in parallel may beimplemented within the interface 120. Further, the interface 120 mayinclude a gateway interface device 111. The modem 110 may be connectedto, or be a part of, the gateway interface device 111. The gatewayinterface device 111 may be a computing device that communicates withthe modem(s) 110 to allow one or more other devices in the premises 102a, to communicate with the local office 103 and other devices beyond thelocal office 103. The gateway interface device 111 may comprise aset-top box (STB), digital video recorder (DVR), a digital transportadapter (DTA), computer server, and/or any other desired computingdevice. The gateway interface device 111 may also include local networkinterfaces to provide communication signals to requestingentities/devices in the premises 102 a, such as display devices 112(e.g., televisions), additional STBs or DVRs 113, personal computers114, laptop computers 115, wireless devices 116 (e.g., wireless routers,wireless laptops, notebooks, tablets and netbooks, cordless phones(e.g., Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephone—DECT phones), mobile phones,mobile televisions, personal digital assistants (PDA), etc.), landlinephones 117 (e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol—VoIP phones), and anyother desired devices. Examples of the local network interfaces includeMultimedia Over Coax Alliance (MoCA) interfaces, Ethernet interfaces,universal serial bus (USB) interfaces, wireless interfaces (e.g., IEEE802.11, IEEE 802.15), analog twisted pair interfaces, Bluetoothinterfaces, and others.

One or more of the devices at a premise 102 a may be configured toprovide wireless communications channels (e.g., IEEE 802.11 channels) tocommunicate with a mobile device 125. A modem 110 (e.g., access point)or a wireless device 116 (e.g., router, tablet, laptop, etc.) maywirelessly communicate with one or more mobile devices 125, which may beon- or off-premises.

Mobile devices 125 may communicate with a local office 103 including,for example, with the ad hoc group server 122. Mobile devices 125 may becell phones, smartphones, tablets (e.g., with cellular transceivers),laptops (e.g., communicatively coupled to cellular transceivers),wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, electronic eye-glasses, etc.), orany other mobile computing devices. Mobile devices 125 may store,output, and/or otherwise use assets. An asset may be a video, a game,one or more images, software, audio, text, webpage(s), and/or othercontent. Mobile devices 125 may include Wi-Fi transceivers, cellulartransceivers, satellite transceivers, and/or global positioning system(GPS) components.

The ad hoc group server 122 may be a computing device that performsoperations that enable formation of ad hoc groups of mobile devices. Anad hoc group of mobile devices may be a temporary group that may beformed when users of those device are meeting, traveling, visiting,and/or engaged in other activities in which the mobile devices are inthe same room or otherwise in relatively close proximity (e.g., in thesame vehicle). An ad hoc group may be formed based on vibration signalscommunicated between a plurality of mobile devices 125. The ad hoc groupserver 122 may be centrally located in the local office 103.Additionally or alternatively, there may be multiple ad hoc groupservers 122 that have the same or similar functionality but that arelocated at different access points 127, premises 102, edge servers(e.g., as an add-in), and/or other locations.

FIG. 1B shows hardware elements of an example computing device (e.g.,the ad hoc group server 122, a mobile device 125, any of the othermobile devices described herein, etc.). The computing device 200 mayinclude one or more processors 201, which may execute instructions of acomputer program to cause the computing device 200 perform any of thefunctions described herein. The instructions may be stored in aread-only memory (ROM) 202, random access memory (RAM) 203, removablemedia 204 (e.g., a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, a compact disk(CD), a digital versatile disk (DVD)), and/or in any other type ofcomputer-readable medium or memory. Instructions may also be stored inan attached (or internal) hard drive 205 or other types of storagemedia. The computing device 200 may include one or more output devices,such as a display 206 (e.g., an external television or other displaydevice), and may include one or more output device controllers 207, suchas a video processor. There may also be one or more user input devices208, such as a remote control, keyboard, mouse, touch screen,microphone, etc. The computing device 200 may also include one or morenetwork interfaces, such as a network input/output (I/O) circuit 209(e.g., a network card) to communicate with an external network 210. Thenetwork input/output circuit 209 may be a wired interface, wirelessinterface, or a combination of the two. The network input/output circuit209 may include a modem (e.g., a cable modem), and the external network210 may include the communication links 101 discussed above, theexternal network 109, an in-home network, a network provider's wireless,coaxial, fiber, or hybrid fiber/coaxial distribution system (e.g., aDOCSIS network), or any other desired network. Additionally, the devicemay include a location-detecting device, such as a global positioningsystem (GPS) microprocessor 211, which can be configured to receive andprocess global positioning signals and determine, with possibleassistance from an external server and antenna, a geographic position ofthe device.

The computing device 200 may detect and generate various types ofmechanical vibrations of physical objects (e.g., furniture, walls,floors, parts of a user's body, clothing) and/or of a surroundingenvironment (e.g., air). Vibrations may include sound, which may beaudible or inaudible. Sound may be inaudible because of amplitude level,e.g., loudness. Sound may also or alternatively be inaudible because offrequency, e.g., it may be outside of a frequency range generallyaudible to humans. Vibrations may also include tactile vibrations thatcan be felt or sensed by an individual's sense of touch. A vibrationmay, but need not necessarily, have both tactile vibration and soundcomponents.

The computing device 200 may include a tactile vibration generator 212.The tactile vibration generator 212 may include a motor that has animbalanced rotating part that may cause the mobile device to vibratewhen the imbalanced rotating part is rotating. The tactile vibrationgenerator 212 may include other types of vibration generating parts,such as a linear oscillating vibrator. A speaker 214 may generate sound,including sounds at inaudible frequencies (e.g. low frequency orhigh-frequency sound waves outside of the sound range of a human ear).The tactile vibration generator 212 may be activated by the processor201 to generate a unique vibration pattern, as described below. Thespeaker 214 may generate various infrasound patterns (“the low-frequencysound waves”) or ultrasound patterns (“the high-frequency sound waves”).A microphone of the input device 208 may detect audible and/or inaudiblesounds.

The computing device 200 may include a vibration pattern detector 213that detects a vibration pattern of a received vibration signal. Thevibration pattern detector 213 may sense one or more vibration signalsfrom the surrounding environment using one or more vibration sensors,such as a piezo vibration sensor, an accelerometer, etc. Further, thevibration pattern detector 213 may include a microphone or othervibration sound detecting sensors to detect vibrations, includingsounds. The vibration pattern detector 213 may also include one or moredigital signal processors and/or other processors configured to identifyvibration patterns. The computing device 200 may also sense a noiselevel of the surrounding environment using a microphone or other soundsensors. The noise level may be calculated as sound intensity within athreshold distance from the computing device 200. For example, thecomputing device 200 may determine sound energy per time by detectingsound generated within an area around the computing device 200. The areamay be a space within the threshold distance from the computing device200. The threshold distance may be determined based on a detection rangeof a vibration detector, a microphone or other sound sensors.

In combination with processor 201, the vibration pattern detector 213may distinguish vibration signals of other mobile devices from vibrationsignals generated by other sources. For example, the computing device200 may store information about vibration signals generated by and/orotherwise associated with other computing devices. Frequencies,vibration pulse patterns, sounds, and/or other characteristics ofvibration signals may be preconfigured in each computing device, and/oreach computing device may store data regarding such characteristics foritself and for other computing devices. For example, different types ofmobile phones or other mobile devices may store preconfigured vibrationpatterns. The vibration pattern detector 213 may compare the receivedvibration signals with a stored list of vibration patterns and maydetermine whether the vibration pattern is generated by a certain typeof mobile phone or other mobile device. One or more band-pass filters,high-pass filters, and/or low-pass filters may be used to detectvibration frequencies, vibration patterns and/or vibration soundsgenerated by computing devices. Vibrations signals, which may includepatterns of vibration pulses that have varying pulse durations,frequencies, and/or amplitudes, may be used to communicate ad hoc groupidentifiers, mobile device identifiers, and other information betweenmobile devices.

Although FIG. 1B shows an example hardware configuration, one or more ofthe elements of the computing device 200 may be implemented as softwareor a combination of hardware and software. Modifications may be made toadd, remove, combine, divide, etc. components of the computing device200. Additionally, the elements shown in FIG. 1B may be implementedusing basic computing devices and components that have been configuredto perform operations such as are described herein. A memory of thecomputing device 200 may store computer-executable instructions that,when executed by the processor 201 and/or one or more other processorsof the computing device 200, cause the computing device 200 to performone, some, or all of the operations described herein. Memory and/orprocessor(s) may also or alternatively be implemented through one ormore Integrated Circuits (ICs). An IC may be, for example, amicroprocessor that accesses programming instructions or other datastored in a ROM and/or hardwired into the IC. An IC may comprise anApplication Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) having gates and/or otherlogic dedicated to the calculations and other operations describedherein. An IC may perform some operations based on execution ofprogramming instructions read from ROM or RAM, with other operationshardwired into gates or other logic. An IC may be configured to outputimage data to a display buffer.

FIG. 2 shows an example of mobile device that may form an ad hoc group.In FIG. 2, individuals 202 a-202 g in a conference room may place theirmobile devices 225 on a table 206. Throughout this description, elementsidentified using a common numerical designator and different appendedletters (e.g., mobile devices 225 a through 225 g of FIG. 2) mayreferenced collectively (e.g., the mobile devices 225) or generically(e.g., a mobile device 225) using the numerical designator without anappended letter. Each of the mobile devices 225 may be a computingdevice. Although examples are described herein in connection withplacement of mobile devices on a table in a conference room, otherexamples include scenarios where one or more mobile devices are placedon one or more other objects in one or more other types of locations.The conference room in the example of FIG. 2 may be one of the rooms inthe premises 102 a of FIG. 1 discussed above. The conference room mayprovide, via the access point 127, wireless services (e.g., Wi-Fi) tothe mobile devices 225. Additionally or alternatively, the access point127 may include a modem 110, a wireless device 116 (e.g., router,tablet, laptop, etc.), or a base station for a cellular network. Theaccess point 127 may communicate with the local office 103 via thecommunication links 101. The access point 127 may communicate with themobile devices 225 using one or more wireless signal protocols (e.g., acellular communication protocol, a Wi-Fi communication protocol, orother radio frequency signal protocols). The ad hoc group server 122 maycommunicate with the mobile devices 225 using one or more wirelesssignal protocols and via the access point 127 or other types of wirelesscommunication services. FIG. 2 merely shows an example of a scenario inwhich an ad hoc group may be formed. Additional examples are includedbelow.

Using one or more sensors, the mobile devices 225 may recognize thatthey are placed on an object, e.g., a table. For example, the mobiledevice 225 c may include one or more of an accelerometer, a gyroscope, ageomagnetic field sensor, or other types of orientation sensors. Usingone or more of the above sensors, the mobile device 225 c may determinethat it is placed on an object and determine magnitude and direction ofthe acceleration. For example, some mobile phones include anaccelerometer to sense three-dimensional acceleration data by measuringaccelerations in the X, Y, and Z axes. When the mobile devices areplaced on a table or other objects, the three-dimensional accelerationdata may indicate substantially zero acceleration in each of the X, Y,and Z axes.

The mobile devices 225 placed on the table 206 may sense vibrationsgenerated by other mobile devices. The mobile devices 225 placed on thetable 206 may form an ad hoc group by generating and detecting vibrationsignals and may perform other operations described herein. For example,the mobile devices 225 may communicate by generating and detectingvibration signals within the ad hoc group. The mobile devices 225 mayoutput various messages and may process other activities in the ad hocgroup. Vibrations from mobile devices on a table or other hard surfacemay, based on resonating against the table or other hard surface, differin frequency from ambient vibrations coming from other sources. Thisfrequency difference may be used to discriminate vibrations from ad hocgroup members relative to vibrations from other source.

FIG. 3A is a flow chart showing an example method for forming an ad hocgroup. The method of FIG. 3A may be separately performed by each ofmultiple mobile devices (e.g., the mobile devices shown in FIG. 2) inconnection with forming an ad hoc group. In step S302, a mobile devicemay enable an ad hoc group mode in which a mobile device may form an adhoc group with one or more nearby mobile devices. For example, an ad hocgroup application may execute on a mobile device and may performoperations in connection with joining an ad hoc group, as well as otheroperations described herein. A user of the mobile device may provideinput to that ad hoc group application to enable the ad hoc group mode.Additionally, or alternatively, the mobile device may automaticallyenable the ad hoc group mode periodically or by an event to start the adhoc mode, e.g., if the mobile device is placed on an object (e.g., thetable 206 in FIG. 2) for more than a threshold time.

In step S304, the mobile device may monitor for a vibration signal sentfrom a nearby mobile device that has already created an ad hoc group. Instep S306, the mobile device may determine whether a vibration signal isdetected within a monitoring period. If the mobile device does notdetect a vibration signal from a nearby mobile device within themonitoring period, the mobile device may determine to become a firstdevice in a new ad hoc group in step S308. As part of step S308, themobile device may generate and send a vibration signal indicating the adhoc group and the ability of nearby devices to join. In step S310, themobile device may monitor and receive one or more vibration signals fromone or more nearby mobile devices seeking to join the ad hoc group. Themobile device may add nearby mobile devices to the ad hoc group in stepS312. As part of step S312, the mobile device may send vibration signalsto the nearby mobile devices indicating that those nearby mobile devicesare part of the ad hoc group and/or providing other data regarding thead hoc group (e.g., notification time windows, identifying informationregarding other devices in the ad hoc group, and/or other types ofinformation described herein).

If the mobile device detects a vibration signal within the monitoringperiod in step S306 (e.g., a vibration signal from a nearby mobiledevice performing step S308), in step S307 the mobile device may send avibration signal indicating a request to join an ad hoc group associatedwith the detected vibration signal. In step S309, the mobile device mayjoin the group associated with the detected vibration. As part of stepS309, the mobile device may receive a vibration signal such as isdescribed above in connection with step S312.

FIG. 3B is a flow chart showing another example method for forming an adhoc group. The method of FIG. 3B may be separately performed by each ofmultiple mobile devices (e.g., the mobile devices shown in FIG. 2) inconnection with forming an ad hoc group. In step S332, a mobile devicemay enable an ad hoc group mode similar to step S302 in FIG. 3A. In stepS334, the mobile device may receive a user input, via a user interfaceof the mobile device, to create or join an ad hoc group. If the mobiledevice receives a user input to create a new group in step S334, themobile device may generate and send a vibration signal to one or morenearby mobile devices in step S336. The vibration signal of step S336may indicate the existence of an ad hoc group and that other mobiledevices can join that ad hoc group. In step S338, the mobile device maymonitor for one or more vibration signals, sent from one or more nearbymobile devices in step S338, indicating requests to join the ad hocgroup. In step S340, the mobile device may determine whether it receivesvibration signals from one or more nearby mobile devices. If yes, themobile device may add the one or more nearby mobile devices sending thereceived vibration signals to the ad hoc group in step S342. As part ofstep S342, the mobile device may send vibration signals to the nearbymobile devices indicating that those nearby mobile devices are part ofthe ad hoc group and/or providing other data regarding the ad hoc group.If the mobile device does not receive a vibration signal in step S340,the mobile device may perform step S336 again. The repetition of stepS336 may be performed up to a threshold count. If the threshold count issatisfied without having detected vibration signals from nearby mobiledevices, the mobile device may output an indication to a user (e.g., ona display of the mobile device) indicating no other devices have beendetected, and the method of FIG. 3B may be terminated.

If the user input received in step S334 indicated that an ad hoc groupshould be joined, the mobile device may monitor for vibration signalsfrom a mobile device that is managing the ad hoc group (e.g., a mobiledevice performing step S336). In step S354 the mobile device may respondto a vibration signal sent from another mobile device managing the adhoc group. In step S356, the mobile device may transmit one or morevibration signals to the managing mobile device and join the ad hocgroup.

FIG. 3C is a flow chart showing another example method for forming an adhoc group using an ad hoc group server 122. The method of FIG. 3C may beseparately performed by each of multiple mobile devices (e.g., themobile devices shown in FIG. 2) in connection with forming an ad hocgroup. In step S372, a mobile device may enable an ad hoc group modesimilar to step S302 in FIG. 3A. In step S374, the mobile device maysend a request to a server, e.g., the ad hoc group server 122 in FIG.1A, to create or join an ad hoc group. For example, the mobile devicemay send a request to create a new ad hoc group by sending groupinformation. The group information may include one or more identities ofother devices to be added in the group (e.g., a phone number, a MACaddress, an IMEI number, and/or other identification data of a nearbymobile device). The group information may include location data of thegroup (e.g., GPS position data, location of a building, a distance orrange from the mobile device requesting the group creation). The groupinformation may also include a group identifier.

The group identifier may include a code to verify other nearby devicesto determine whether to accept or reject the other mobile devices. Amanaging mobile device may send a request to the ad hoc group server 122for creating an ad hoc group. The group creation request may include acode generated by the managing mobile device and associated with the adhoc group to be created. One or more nearby mobile devices may receivethe code from the managing mobile device, via a vibration signal fromthe managing mobile device, and may send the code via a mobilecommunication, to the server 122. If the server 122 receives the codefrom one or more nearby mobile devices, the server 122 may allow the oneor more nearby mobile devices sending that code to join the ad hocgroup.

Additionally or alternatively, a code may be generated by the ad hocgroup server 122 in response to receiving, from the managing mobiledevice, a request for creating an ad hoc group. The managing mobiledevice may receive that code from the ad hoc group server 122 and maysend the code to one or more nearby mobile devices via a vibrationsignal. The one or more nearby devices may detect the code in thevibration signal and may send the code to the ad hoc group server 122 tojoin the ad hoc group. The ad hoc group server 122 may send the code tothe one or more nearby mobile devices in proximity to the managingmobile device in response to a request for joining an ad hoc group. Theone or more nearby mobile devices may send the code to the managingmobile device via a vibration signal. If the managing mobile devicereceives the code via the vibration signal, the managing mobile devicemay accept the one or more nearby mobile devices in the ad hoc group.

In step S376, the mobile device may receive group configuration datafrom the ad hoc group server 122. The group configuration data mayinclude various types of data to configure an ad hoc group for deviceslocated in proximity to each other. For example, the group configurationdata may include at least part of the group identity information, e.g.,the code described above.

Additionally or alternatively, a mobile device (or other types ofcomputing device) may perform the functions of the ad hoc group server122. For example, a mobile device 225 performing the functions of the adhoc group server 122 may coordinate with other mobile devices 225 orother ad hoc groups. Ad hoc groups may be merged into one ad hoc groupor an ad hoc group may be divided into a plurality of ad hoc groupsbased on a communication of managing mobile devices of the two or moread hoc groups.

A mobile device may request to dissolve an ad hoc group after performingone or more transactions among members of the ad hoc group. Each memberof the ad hoc group may leave the ad hoc group by leaving the locationor by sending a “leave the group” notification to the ad hoc groupserver 122. A mobile device may leave an ad hoc group in any of variousways. A mobile device 225 may detect that it has been picked up fromtable 206 and, if not placed back on table within a threshold amount oftime, cause an ad hoc group application to remove the mobile device fromthe ad hoc group. A mobile device may leave an ad hoc group if itdetects an environmental condition inconsistent with group membership(e.g., a change in location based on GPS or other data, detection ofdarkness by a device camera indicative of being placed in a user'spocket, etc.). A user may provide input to an ad hoc group applicationthat causes a mobile device to leave an ad hoc group. A mobile devicethat has left an ad hoc group may cease responding to vibration signalsfrom mobile devices in the group and/or may cease performing otheroperations described herein.

The ad hoc group server 122 may determine that mobile devices arecurrently or predicted to be co-located for a time period (e.g., mobiledevices may be traveling along the same route at the same time). In agathering that includes a large number of mobile devices, multiple adhoc groups may be created. Each group may be limited in size based onrange of vibration signals. The ad hoc group server 122 may predict,e.g., based on a location of a mobile device (e.g., GPS location fromthe mobile device, etc.) and/or an event schedule that the mobile devicewill likely remain co-located with other identified mobile devices forthe duration of the event. Mobile devices in a moving train or othervehicle may generate substantially similar GPS data changes. Such datamay be used by the ad hoc group server 122 to categorize certain mobiledevices into candidates for an ad hoc group. The location-basedcandidate prediction may be performed by the ad hoc group server 122 bytracking location data changes of mobile devices operating in the ad hocgroup mode.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example method for determining asurrounding environment and controlling vibration signals of a mobiledevice. The method of FIG. 4 may be performed by a mobile device (e.g.,any of mobile devices 225) that has joined an ad hoc group, or by amobile device that has not joined an ad hoc group. In step S410, amobile device may determine whether a condition to detect a surroundingenvironment is satisfied. For example, if a mobile device is placed onan object for more than a threshold time (e.g., 3 seconds), the mobiledevice may determine that a condition to determine a surroundingenvironment has been satisfied. Alternatively, or additionally, thesurrounding environment determination process may be initiatedperiodically regardless of whether the mobile device is placed on acertain object for a threshold time.

In step S420, the mobile device may initiate a surrounding environmentdetermination process to determine the surrounding environment using oneor more sensors, I/O devices, and/or other components. The mobile devicemay use GPS data to determine a location and collect information aboutthe surrounding environment based on the GPS locations of the mobiledevice. The mobile device may scan for one or more short-range wirelesssignals, such as Wi-Fi signals, Bluetooth signals, NFC signals, etc.Based on the information about the scanned short-range wireless signals,the mobile device may obtain more information about the surroundingenvironment. For example, a mobile device may recognize that the accesspoint 127 is a Wi-Fi access point of a company meeting room where a userof the mobile device is participating in a meeting.

The mobile device may also determine a noise level of the surroundingenvironment. For example, the mobile device may recognize that theaccess point 127 is a Wi-Fi access point of a particular coffee shop ina shopping center and determine that the place has a medium noise level(e.g., a noise level greater than a first noise level threshold) bysensing music being played in the coffee shop. Different types ofsounds, such as music, vehicle noises in streets, etc. may be analyzedto determine different types of surrounding environments.

A mobile device may determine a quantity of nearby mobile devices basedon one or more vibration signals, sound signals, and/or radio frequency(RF) signals (e.g., Wi-Fi probe signals of unpaired Wi-Fi devices,keep-alive packet transmissions of paired Wi-Fi devices, uplink orsidelink transmissions in an LTE or other wide area wireless network)generated by the nearby mobile devices. A mobile device may determinetypes of locations, such as a quiet meeting room or a quiet library, anoisy restaurant, a taxicab having a medium noise level, a noisy trainstation, or other types of locations.

A mobile device may capture images of the surrounding environment usingone or more cameras or other image capturing devices. For example, acamera of a mobile device may generate an image of a ceiling of a roomwhen placed on an object or may detect that the mobile device is placedin a pocket or a carrier if a black image is captured. Further, one ormore light emitting diode (LED) devices or other type of illuminationdevice may generate pulsed light that conveys indoor location data andother types of information indicating the environment of the location.The mobile device may analyze the captured images and/or send the imagesto an image analysis server (e.g., the app server 107, the ad hoc groupserver 122, etc.) for analysis. Based on the analysis of one or morecaptured images and other sensed data described herein, the mobiledevice or image analysis server may determine a type of the surroundingenvironment, and a noise level of the surrounding environment. Based onthe determination regarding the surrounding environment, the mobiledevice may change policies for vibration generation. For example, if thenoise level of the surrounding environment is low, the mobile device maynot generate an audible sound or tactile vibration and may defergenerating that audible sound or tactile vibration until occurrence of acertain time window.

The surrounding environment determination may include a determination ofa vibration communication space for an ad hoc group. In order to definea vibration communication space, the mobile device may filter vibrationsignals of nearby mobile devices based on threshold signal strength. Forexample, a mobile device may determine that a vibration signal generatedby a mobile device placed on the same table has signal strength greaterthan the threshold signal strength while determining that a vibrationsignal generated from a mobile device placed on another table has signalstrength less than the threshold signal strength. The mobile device mayform an ad hoc group for vibration communications while ignoring weakvibrations from other sources placed outside of the same object. Basedon the setting of the threshold signal strength and/or uniform vibrationsignal generation settings by all nearby mobile devices, a vibrationcommunication space (e.g., the table 206 in FIG. 2) may be determinedfor a group of mobile devices.

The surrounding environment determination may include a determination ofsurrounding location based on location data of the mobile device. Themobile device may recognize that it is placed on a table or anotherobject in a conference room of a company or another organization basedon one or more signals and data. For example, a Wi-Fi access point in acompany may send a periodic wireless signal to allow one or more mobiledevices to access the Wi-Fi access point. The periodic wireless signalmay include an identity of the Wi-Fi access point for the company. TheGPS data of the mobile device may indicate that it is located at abuilding of the company. A mobile device may recognize that it is placedon a table of a restaurant based on one or more signals and data, e.g.,a Wi-Fi signal, GPS data, a vibration signal, etc. For example, specificvibration patterns may be generated by a plurality of vibrators in afast-food restaurant to indicate that foods for customers are ready.Movie theaters may generate a different vibration pattern one or moretimes before starting a movie to indicate that the mobile devices arelocated in a movie theater. Such signals from restaurants, movietheaters, or other places may be used in determining the currentlocation of a mobile device detecting such signals.

One or more types of scheduling information accessible by a mobiledevice may be utilized in assessing the surrounding environment. Somescheduling applications, memo applications, etc. may provide the mobiledevice with the schedule or assignments of the user of the mobiledevice, and the schedule or assignments of other users of other mobiledevices. For example, mobile device may retrieve information about aproject meeting appointment between 3:00-4:00 PM on a certain date. Thenames of the meeting participants and their mobile phone numbers mayalso be retrieved. At 2:45 PM, each of the mobile devices of the meetingparticipants may determine its surrounding environment and may determinewhether a meeting participant associated with the mobile device is in ameeting room for the appointment. Other information, such as a Wi-Fisignal of the company and GPS data, may be utilized to confirm whetherthe meeting participants are in the meeting room. The mobile devices inthe meeting room may determine such other information and may determinethat they are located in the meeting room. One or more vibration signalsgenerated by the mobile devices of other meeting participants may besensed and utilized for the determination as well.

In step S430, a mobile device may control vibrations based on thedetermined surrounding environment. Different types and strengths ofvibration signals may be determined for different surroundingenvironments. For example, in a quiet library, a human-inaudible soundsignal (e.g., infrasonic and/or ultrasonic sound) may be generated or alow strength vibration signal may be generated. In a coffee shop wheremusic is being played, the strength of the vibration signal may bestronger than that generated in a quiet library.

The mobile device may control the intensity of future vibration signalsto be generated to provide a proper level of alert to the user of themobile device and/or to provide a minimum level of vibration intensityto one or more nearby mobile devices. The mobile device may decrease theintensity of the vibration signal in response to determining that theinternally generated vibration signal is too strong (e.g., the intensityof the vibration signal is greater than a threshold). For example, themobile device may increase the intensity of future vibration signalswhen it senses loud noises of vehicles in the street (e.g., theintensity of the vibration signal is less than a noise level thresholdfor the noisy street environment). If the intensity of the internallygenerated vibration signal is too strong, one or more mobile devicesother than intended target mobile devices may detect the vibrationsignal generated by the mobile device. For example, in a quiet library,a vibrating mobile device may intend to form an ad hoc group with othermobile devices placed on the same table. However, one or more mobiledevices placed on another table may detect the vibration sound if thevibrating mobile device does not decrease the vibration signal strength.By changing the intensity of the vibration signal, mobile devices maycontrol the communication range or distance using theintensity-controlled vibration signal.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an example method for processing one ormore vibration signals. The method of FIG. 5 may be independentlyperformed by each of multiple mobile devices in an ad hoc group (e.g.,the mobile devices 225 in FIG. 2), and/or by a mobile device that hasnot joined an ad hoc group. In step S502, a mobile device may determinewhether it has detected a vibration from another mobile device orwhether it has generated a notification vibration. A notificationvibration may be a vibration (e.g., a tactile vibration and/or aringtone or other audible sound) generated by the mobile device toindicate an incoming call, message, or other communication directed to auser of the mobile device. A detected vibration may be a notificationvibration generated by another mobile device, or may be adevice-to-device communication from another mobile device. The mobiledevice may repeat step S502 until it detects a vibration from anothermobile device or until it generates a notification vibration. The mobiledevice may perform step S504 based on detecting a vibration orgenerating a notification vibration.

In step S504 the mobile device may determine if it has generated anotification vibration. If it has, mobile device may perform a positiveacknowledgement in step S506. The positive acknowledgement may enablethe user of the mobile device to easily recognize that a notificationvibration was generated by his/her mobile device. The mobile device maydisplay an image or provide a notification to the user so that the usermay readily recognize that the vibration signal was generated by theuser's mobile device.

As part of a positive acknowledgement, the mobile device may display ablinking notification message for a certain time period after thetermination of the vibration. The notification message may be output ona display screen and/or using one or more separate light sources (e.g.,a light emitting diode, a camera flash). The visual signaling of thepositive acknowledgement may be provided in a certain direction so thatthe notification may be individualized toward the user of the mobiledevice. A separate wearable device (e.g., a smart watch or electroniceye-glasses) paired with the mobile device may provide, to the user, anindividualized notification for a certain time period after thetermination of the vibration.

Additionally or alternatively, a mobile device may output a positiveacknowledgement visual notification in response to movement of themobile device within a certain time period after the mobile devicegenerates a notification vibration. If the user ignores the notificationvibration signal during the time period, the mobile device may notprovide the positive acknowledgement because the user is likely notinterested in checking the mobile device.

FIG. 6A shows an example of a positive acknowledgement message output bymobile device 225 d. The positive acknowledgement message may be outputin a positive acknowledgement area 616 on a display screen 612. Forexample, the display screen 612 may display six unchecked messages in anotification box 614 received before generating a vibration signal. Ifthe mobile device 225 d determines a notification event (e.g., areception of one or more emails, text messages, etc.), it may generate anotification vibration. A positive acknowledgement time window may startduring or after generating the notification vibration. The positiveacknowledgement time window may be a time period that starts when themobile device 225 d starts to generate the notification vibration tonotify the user of a notification event. The positive acknowledgementtime window may be longer than the notification vibration duration sothat the user 202 d may check the mobile device 225 d after thetermination of the notification vibration.

The six messages accumulated in the notification box 614 may have beenreceived before generating the notification vibration. The notificationvibration may be generated to notify the user of a new text message sentfrom Kevin, which may be displayed in the positive acknowledgement area616. If the user 202 d ignores the notification vibration during thepositive acknowledgement time window, the positive acknowledgement area616 may not be displayed and the new text message may be accumulatedinto the notification box 614 such that the notification box 614displays “7 new messages” including a text of the new text messagereceived from Kevin (e.g., the notification 624 in FIG. 6B).

If the mobile device determines in step S504 that it did not generate anotification vibration, the mobile device may proceed to step S508. Instep S508, the mobile device may determine if the detected vibrationsignal is a notification vibration of another mobile device or adevice-to-device communication signal from another mobile device. If thedetected vibration signal is a notification vibration from anotherdevice in step S508, the mobile device may perform a negativeacknowledgement in step S510. For example, in response to a notificationvibration generated by one of the mobile devices 225 a-c and 225 e-g,the mobile device 225 d may process a negative acknowledgement to adviseuser 202 d that he/she need not unlock or otherwise interact with mobiledevice 225 d based on the notification vibration. The negativeacknowledgement may enable the user of the mobile device to avoidunnecessarily unlocking his/her mobile device after a notificationvibration generated by another user's mobile device.

FIG. 6B shows an example of a negative acknowledgement message (“Thenotification was not generated by me”) output in a negativeacknowledgement area 626 on the display screen 612 of the mobile device225 d. A negative acknowledgement time window may be a time period thatstarts when the mobile device 225 d determines the notificationvibration originated from another mobile device. The negativeacknowledgement time window may be longer than the sensed vibration orringtone sound duration so that the user may check the mobile deviceafter the termination of the notification vibration by the other mobiledevice. For example, when the mobile device 225 d senses a vibrationsignal generated by a nearby mobile device, it may start the negativeacknowledgement time window for a preconfigured period (e.g., tenseconds). During the preconfigured period, the negative acknowledge area626 may be displayed by the mobile device 225 d. After the preconfiguredperiod expires, the negative acknowledgement window in the negativeacknowledgement area 626 may disappear.

The mobile device may automatically output, without a user input, thenegative acknowledgement in response to the sensed notificationvibration from another mobile device. Additionally or alternatively, themobile device may output the negative acknowledgement when the userpicks up the mobile device. The negative acknowledgement may be providedto the user if the user picks up the mobile device for checking within acertain period time after the mobile device sensed the notificationvibration generated by the other mobile device. The negativeacknowledgement may enable the user to quickly recognize that his/hermobile device has not generated the notification vibration and that theuser need not unlock his/her device or take other action.

If the mobile device determines in step S508 (FIG. 5) that a detectedvibration signal is a device-to-device communication, the mobile devicemay perform step S512. In step S512, the mobile device may process thedetected device-to-device communication vibration signal. If thedetected device-to-device communication vibration signal was intendedfor some other mobile device, then the processing of step S512 maycomprise ignoring that signal and/or displaying a message, similar to anegative acknowledgment, indicating that no user action is needed. Ifthe detected device-to-device communication vibration signal wasintended for the mobile device performing step S512, then the mobiledevice may perform one or more operations based on the detectedvibration signal. For example, a first mobile device may send, to asecond mobile device, a vibration signal that includes or indicates amessage to the second mobile device. The second mobile device maygenerate another vibration signal as a response to the receivedvibration signal. The second mobile device may also display a textmessage or a user interface that requests a user input in response toreceiving the vibration signal from the first mobile device. Forexample, the first mobile device may generate the vibration signal torequest a business card of the user of the second mobile device. Thesecond mobile device may display a user interface that indicates therequest from the first mobile device and may receive a user input toaccept or reject the request. In step S514, the mobile device maydetermine whether to leave the ad hoc group. If the mobile device doesnot leave the ad hoc group, step S502 may be repeated.

A mobile device may support a sound mode, a tactile vibration mode, anda silent mode. In the sound mode, the mobile device may generateringtone(s) and/or other audible sound(s) and/or tactile vibrations whenthe mobile device determines occurrence of an event that has, or thatmay potentially may have, an associated notification. Examples of eventsinclude a call, message, and/or other communication for a device user,time for a calendar appointment matching a current time, and/or anyother event for which a user of a mobile device might receivenotification. In the tactile vibration mode, the mobile device maygenerate a tactile vibration when the mobile device determines an eventhas occurred. In the silent mode, the mobile device may not generate anytactile vibration or sounds when the mobile device determines an eventhas occurred. However, the mobile device may still output messages on adisplay screen of the mobile device, cause a light to blink, and/orprovide other visual indications during the silent mode. In the silentmode and/or in the tactile vibration mode, infrasound or ultrasound maybe generated. In order to generate a vibration signal in response to adetected vibration in a device-to-device communication processing ine.g., step S512, the mobile device may change its notification mode tothe tactile vibration mode.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing an example method for managing anotification mode. The method of FIG. 7 may be performed by a mobiledevice in an ad hoc group or by a mobile device that is not part of anad hoc group. In step S702, a mobile device in silent mode may monitorfor an event having an associated notification or that otherwise maypotentially involve generation of a vibration (e.g., a vibration signalin response to a device-to-device communication). The mobile device maydetermine, based on detecting such an event, whether to generate avibration or to allow that vibration to be deferred or omitted. Examplesof events that may be detected in step S702 include receipt of acommunication (e.g., receipt of an e-mail, a text message, an instantmessage, an incoming voice and/or video call, etc.), occurrence of acalendar event (e.g., a current time and/or date coinciding with a timeand/or date for which a calendar application may store data indicating ascheduled activity), receipt of a device-to-device communication fromanother mobile device in an ad hoc group, etc.

If an event is not detected, and as shown by the “no” branch from stepS702, step S702 may be repeated until an event is detected. The methodmay proceed to step S704 based on detection of an event. In step S704,the mobile device may determine if a noise level is above a threshold,or if a threshold is otherwise satisfied. If so, then maintaining silentmode may not be useful, and providing a notification may be acceptable.For example, if other mobile devices in an immediate vicinity haverecently generated notification vibrations (e.g., ringtones, tactilevibrations) and generated distractions to persons in the vicinity,providing an additional notification vibration may be acceptable.

The determination of step S704 may be made in any of numerous ways. Forexample, the mobile device may determine whether it has detected anotification vibration from another mobile devices within an immediatelypreceding time period (e.g., 30 seconds), whether it has detected athreshold number of notification vibrations from other mobile devices(e.g., three or more) within an immediately preceding time period (e.g.,90 seconds), whether an ambient noise level has been above a thresholdlevel for an immediately preceding time period, and/or whether othermetrics have been satisfied. Different thresholds may be used fordifferent events, at different times, at different locations, and/orbased on other criteria, or a single threshold may be used.

If the detected noise level satisfies a threshold in step S704, themobile device may change from silent mode to sound mode or tactilevibration mode in step S708. The determination of whether to changed-tomode may be based, e.g., on a previously-provided user preference. Instep S710, the mobile device takes appropriate action based on thedetected event. If the event has an associated notification, the mobiledevice may generate a notification vibration. If the event requires themobile device to generate a vibration signal in response to adevice-to-device communication, the mobile device may generate thatvibration signal. After taking action based on the detected event, themobile device may return to silent mode (step S712) and repeat stepS702.

If the mobile device determines in step S704 that a threshold is notsatisfied, the mobile device may determine in step S706 whether theevent is sufficiently important to require an immediate response. Forexample, a user of the mobile device may have configured the mobiledevice to recognize certain types of communications and/orcommunications from certain sources as high priority, and may wish to benotified of such communications regardless of other circumstances. Asanother example, a device-to-device communication from another mobiledevice may require an immediate response in order for an ad hoc group tofunction.

If the event is determined to be sufficiently important in step S706,the method may proceed to step S708. If the event is not determined tobe sufficiently important in step S706, the method may return to stepS702, and the response to the detected event may be handled using one ormore other methods. For some types of events, e.g., device-to-devicecommunications that are not critical and that can be ignored completely,no other action may be taken. For some types of events, a notificationmay be suspended until a later time.

FIG. 8A is a flow chart showing an example method for suspending anotification vibration. A mobile device may, after detecting an eventhaving an associated notification, suspend generation of thatnotification until the occurrence of a notification time window. Anotification time window may include a notification time period durationand a suspension time period duration, with the notification timeperiods separated by the suspension time periods. For example anotification time window may include notification time period ofduration n (e.g., 15 seconds), followed by a suspension period ofduration s (e.g., 15 minutes), followed by another notification timeperiod of duration n, followed by a suspension period of duration s,etc. If an event is detected during a suspension time period, anassociated notification for the event is deferred until the nextnotification time period. When the next notification time period occurs,the notification for the event may be generated. The method of FIG. 8Amay be performed by a mobile device in an ad hoc group or by a mobiledevice that is not part of an ad hoc group.

In step S802, a mobile device may determine one or more notificationtime windows. Different time windows may apply to different types ofevents. For example, one type of event may be a communication type(e.g., text messages) considered higher priority and for which asuspension time period between notification time periods is relativelyshort. Another event type may be a communication type (e.g., emails)considered lower priority and for which a suspension time period betweennotification time periods is relatively long. For one or more eventtypes (e.g., voice calls, voice calls from specified sources, othercommunications from specified sources), notifications may not besuspended at all, e.g., a notification time window may have a non-zerovalue for the notification time period and a zero value for thesuspension time period.

Notification time windows can be determined in various ways. Forexample, when a mobile device joins an ad hoc group, notification timewindows applicable to all mobile devices in the ad hoc group may beprovided by a managing mobile device and/or by an ad hoc group server122. A managing mobile device of an ad hoc group, an ad hoc group server122, and/or a mobile device that is not in an ad hoc group may determinenotification time windows based on default values for various eventtypes, based on user input when creating an ad hoc group, and/or inother ways. Notification time windows may also or alternatively be basedon environmental conditions. For example, in quiet environments, one ormore notification time windows may be adjusted so as to increasesuspension time periods, whereas in less quiet environments, suspensiontime windows of one or more notification time windows may be shortened.Notification time windows may also or alternatively be based on scheduledata in a calendar or other application, based on location data from aGPS or other application, and/or based on other data. In an ad hocgroup, one or more notification time windows may be synchronized amonggroup members so that the notification time periods occur at the sametime for all mobile devices in the group and so that the suspension timeperiods occur at the same time for all those mobile devices.

In step S804, the mobile device determines if it has detected an eventhaving an associated notification. If the mobile device is alsoperforming the method of FIG. 7, a detection in step S804 may be basedon a “no” result in step S706. If an event has been detected, in stepS806 the mobile device determine if the detected event applies tomultiple mobile devices and requires immediate notification of some ofthose devices.

Some types of events may apply to multiple mobile devices. For example,an email or text message may be addressed to multiple mobile devices. Asto some such events, it may be desirable to immediately notify less thanall of those devices. For example, an email from a company executive maybe directed to all members of a department in the company. Some of therecipients (e.g., a department head and a senior engineer) may need toknow about that email immediately, while other department members mayonly have received the email for informational purposes. In step S806,the mobile device may determine if the detected event applies tomultiple mobile devices and if some of those mobile devices shouldimmediately generate a notification. If both determinations are not inthe affirmative, the mobile device may perform step S814, discussedbelow. If both determines are in the affirmative, the mobile device maydetermine in step S808 whether it is one of the mobile devices thatshould immediately generate a notification. If so, in step S810 themobile device may output a vibration notification. The mobile device mayalso output a visual notification. From step 810, the mobile device mayrepeat step S804.

If the mobile device determines in step S808 that it is not one of themobile devices that should immediately generate a notification, themobile device determines in step S812 whether it should generate anotification in the applicable notification time window, or if it mayforego notification. If the latter, the mobile device may repeat stepS804. If the former, the mobile device may perform step S814.

In step S814, the mobile device may determine if there are any overrideconditions that indicate a notification should be provided immediately.Such conditions could be similar to conditions described in connectionwith step S704 (e.g., if the mobile device is not also performing themethod of FIG. 7), and/or may include other conditions. For example,based on calendar or other data, the mobile device may recognize that itis in a location of a conference or other meeting where conversation isexpected. If conversation ceases, that may indicate the meeting is inrecess or other condition in which there is less concern aboutdistractions from notifications. If a lull in the conversation isdetected, a notification may be generated right away. As anotherexample, communications from specified sources (e.g., a phone call froma telephone number associated with a specific individual) may beconsidered high priority and requiring immediate notification. If anoverride condition is determined in step S814, the mobile device mayperform step S810.

If an override condition is not determined instep S814, the mobiledevice may suspend notification of the detected event in step S816. Themobile device may add an indicator of the event to a queue of indicatorsfor events for which notifications are to be generated at the nextnotification time period for the relevant event type. The mobile devicemay proceed from step S816 to repeat step S804.

FIG. 8B is a flow chart showing a method for suspending a notificationassociated with a detected event. A mobile device may perform the methodof FIG. 8B in connection with the method of FIG. 8A. A mobile device mayseparately perform the method of FIG. 8B (e.g., in parallel processingthreads) for each of multiple notification time windows (e.g., for eachof the time windows determined in step S802). In step S822, the mobiledevice may determine if the notification time period of a notificationtime window coincides with the time of performing step S822 or otherdesignated time. If not, step S822 may be repeated. If so, vibrationnotifications may be output for each of the events that may be queuedfor notification (step S824). The vibration notification(s) may includean audible sound (e.g., a ringtone) and/or a tactile vibration. Visualnotification may also be output in step S824. The mobile device mayproceed to repeat step S822.

In an ad hoc group, one mobile device may generate a vibration toindicate that a scheduled activity, e.g., a company team meeting, willstart in five minutes. The other mobile devices may detect the vibrationand, based on detecting the vibration, inhibit generation of a vibrationfor notifying the same activity. A mobile device that inhibits avibration in that circumstance may display a visual indicator of theactivity.

Mobile devices in an ad hoc group may generate vibration signals toindicate the presence of those mobile devices and/or their associatedusers for a meeting or other scheduled event. For example, differentcodes may be assigned to mobile devices of activity participants when anactivity schedule and a participants list are generated. A first codeassigned to a first participant may include an activity identifier foridentifying the scheduled activity and a first participant identifierfor identifying the mobile device of the first participant. A secondcode assigned to a second participant may include the activityidentifier and a second participant identifier for identifying themobile device of the second participant. A mobile device may generate avibration signal including its respective assigned code. Other mobiledevices may determine, based on detected vibration signals and theactivity data in a scheduling application, a participant list, and maydetermine mobile devices currently present for the scheduled activity.An absentee may be determined based on absence of a vibration signalfrom the mobile device associated with the absentee. The ad hoc groupserver 122 or a participant's mobile device, e.g., the managing mobiledevice among the mobile devices in the ad hoc group, may send a textmessage or other form of message or signal (e.g., an automatic phonecall), via a mobile network, to the mobile device of the absentee sothat the absentee can receive the message as a reminder for thescheduled activity. A user interface may be provided to the mobiledevices in the ad hoc group to show information about the participantsand absentees. The user interface of each mobile device participating inthe scheduled event may also provide an input interface to generate thereminder message or a reminder call to one or more absentees.

An ad hoc group server 122 may transmit, from itself or causetransmission from a content server (e.g., the content server 106) tomobile devices, a requested asset so that the mobile devices may beginto share, execute, or playback of the asset during a scheduled activity.For example, mobile devices in an ad hoc group may receive employeetraining video content for the users who are participating in a trainingsession of a company.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example method for using a vibrationsignal to establish a short-range wireless communication session betweenmobile devices. The method of FIG. 9 may be performed independently byeach of multiple mobile devices, e.g., by mobile devices in an ad hocgroup and/or by mobile devices not in an ad hoc group. In step S902, amobile device may detect a vibration signal generated by a nearby mobiledevice. The vibration signal may alert one or more nearby mobile devicesto enable a short-range wireless communication, such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi direct, Near Field Communication (NFC), ZigBee, infraredcommunication, etc. The short-range wireless communication may have awireless communication range less than the radio communication range ofan LTE or other wide area wireless network. The mobile device may alsosend a short-range wireless signal along with the vibration signal suchthat other mobile devices may set up a communication session usingprotocols of the short-range wireless signal in step S904. For example,a first mobile device may send a Bluetooth signal and a vibration signalso that a second mobile device may detect the vibration signal andenable a Bluetooth module to monitor the Bluetooth signal sent from thefirst mobile device. The vibration signal may include information for ashort-range wireless communication set-up (e.g., a temporary credentialcode to be used, by the second mobile device, in a Bluetooth pairingwith the first mobile device). The security of the communication may beenhanced if the first mobile device changes the temporary credentialcode when generating a new vibration signal for a subsequent Bluetoothpairing. The temporary credential code may be a temporary passcode toform a Bluetooth pairing with the nearby mobile device. The temporarycredential code may include a MAC address of the mobile device, a PINcode, etc. The temporary credential code may be provided by an ad hocgroup server 122, via a mobile communication network or other networks,to mobile devices registered in the same ad hoc group. Since thevibration signal may not be detected by some mobile devices locatedfarther than the detection range of the vibration signal, some mobiledevices may not pair with the first mobile device even though thosemobile devices are located within the communication range of theshort-range wireless communication (e.g., within the range of theBluetooth communication).

In step S906, the paired mobile device and the nearby mobile device(s)may exchange information using short-range wireless communication. Forexample, the mobile device(s) may perform various transactions, such assplit mobile payment amounts between the mobile devices participating inthe short-range wireless communication session. For example, a pluralityof mobile devices may communicate via vibration signals and form atemporary group to share a mobile payment for a certain service, e.g., arestaurant bill or a taxi-cab fare.

A plurality of individuals may visit a restaurant and place their mobiledevices on a dining table, and an ad hoc group of those devices may beformed. Each of the mobile devices may send, to the ad hoc group server122, the location information of the mobile device (the restaurant), apattern of vibration signals shared by the mobile devices, and deviceidentification of the mobile device. The group server 122 may analyzethe received information and form a group for the plurality of themobile devices. Mobile devices may be considered co-located if they arelocated within a maximum distance threshold from one another. The groupserver 122 may send device information of the mobile devices to eachmobile device in the group so that each mobile device in the group mayidentify detailed device information of all mobile devices in the group.The device information may include MAC addresses of the mobile devices,a temporary access code for a short-range wireless communication amongthe mobile devices in the group, and/or other information.

A plurality of mobile devices in the same group may receive informationtargeted for the group. For example, at a dinner table in a restaurant,an electronic-version menu may be provided to each mobile device in atemporary group (an ad hoc group). Each user may select foods byclicking menu items displayed on his/her mobile device. One user mayselect a bottle of wine to be shared by the ad hoc group. A mobiledevice within the group may receive an electronic bill issued by therestaurant. The electronic bill may be processed and the payment amountmay be divided and each divided amount may be sent to mobile devices inthe temporary group. For example, the electronic bill may indicate atotal of $120 including $20 of shared beverages (e.g., a bottle ofwine). Each of five mobile devices will be charged with $24 ($20 for themeal and $4 for the split charge for the shared beverages).

An ad hoc group may be formed by a plurality of mobile devices locatedin the same vehicle, such as a taxi-cab. The location information changeand accelerometer data of the plurality of mobile devices may besubstantially the same because the mobile devices may be moving togetherin the same taxi-cab. Each mobile device may send the locationinformation, the accelerometer data, and detailed device information tothe ad hoc group server 122. The mobile devices having substantially thesame or similar location information and accelerometer data may begrouped in the same ad hoc group. The taxi-cab bill may also be splitamong the plurality of mobile devices in the ad hoc group. The anonymityof the users of the plurality of mobile devices may be maintained if thead hoc group server 122 does not send detailed device information toeach mobile device in the group. The group formation may be dissolvedafter the payment distribution or may be changed if users of one or moremobile devices get out of the taxi-cab after the payment distribution.

Once an ad hoc group of mobile devices is formed, various types ofinformation relevant to the group may be provided to each mobile devicein the group. FIG. 10 shows a plurality of mobile devices 1002 a-hforming an ad hoc group by using a vibration communication with nearbymobile devices and using a mobile communication with an ad hoc groupserver 122 via the base station 127. The ad hoc group server 122 maydetermine, based on GPS and/or other location information from themobile devices 1002, where the mobile devices 1002 are located (e.g., abaseball stadium, a local bar, a restaurant, a moving car, a fitnessclub, etc.). The ad hoc group server 122 may gather informationregarding the location and provide, via a wireless network, the gatheredinformation to the mobile devices in the group. For example, at abaseball game, on a car trip, in a fitness club, or in some otherlocation, many individuals gather together with their mobile devices.After forming an ad hoc group, new relevant to users associated withmobile devices of the ad hoc group may be provided to the mobiledevices. Users of mobile devices in an ad hoc group may communicate witheach other to exchange information. If two or more individuals are onbicycles or treadmills at a fitness club, for example, the individualsmay compete with each other by generating, on each mobile device ofusers engaged in the same activity, a user interface that displays thestatus of the individuals' exercise records.

The activities and/or conversations of mobile devices in an ad hoc groupmay be summarized and pushed to each mobile device in the ad hoc groupbefore the ad hoc group is dissolved. This type of summary may beaccumulated in a daily log of activities for a mobile device. Forexample, a list of summarized activities of a mobile device mayinclude 1) a meeting with coworkers A, B, and C, 2) lunch at arestaurant with coworkers A and B, 3) dinner at a steak house withfriend D, and 4) a running competition at fitness center A with twoanonymous individuals. The user of the mobile device may scroll throughthe summarized list of events and review what he/she did during the dayby collocating with other individuals and send chats, pictures, or otherdata to the individuals who were in those meeting or events.

A software application for controlling ad hoc group membership, managinguser ad hoc group preferences, performing other operations associatedwith ad hoc groups, and/or performing other operations described herein(e.g., without being in an ad hoc group) may be installed on mobiledevices. The application may be responsible for enabling an individualto select one or more user preferences to manage temporary pairing withother mobile devices. A user preference may include an opt-in option topermit a temporary pairing (e.g., a temporary mobile hotspot tetheringor Bluetooth pairing) to nearby mobile devices after receiving avibration signal sent from other nearby mobile devices. If an individualhas not opted in to the temporary pairing, a mobile device of theindividual may prevent other mobile devices from pairing with thatmobile device. Another user preference may include an opt-out option ifthe mobile device's battery falls below a minimum battery levelthreshold in order to conserve power of the mobile device. As anexample, a mobile device may permit a temporary pairing if its batterylevel is greater than or equal to a minimum battery level but may blockthe temporary pairing if its battery level is less than the minimumbattery level.

After creating an ad hoc group, a first mobile device may use mobiledata of a second mobile device using mobile hotspot tethering. FIGS. 11Aand 11B show examples of mobile devices that may form ad hoc groups. Anindividual 1202 a may have used all of a per-month data cap applicableto the device 1204 a and may want to communicate wireless data via othermobile device while riding in a vehicle 1206 (e.g., a bus). Theindividual 1202 a may control the mobile device 1204 a to generate avibration signal that requests a temporary mobile hotspot tethering. Themobile devices 1204 b and 1204 c may detect the vibration signalgenerated by the mobile device 1204 a, and may form an ad hoc group 1200with a mobile device 1204 a. The ad hoc group 1200 may be formed via thead hoc group server 122 described above. For example, mobile devices1204 a-c may send their location data (e.g., GPS data), a codedetermined by the vibration pattern communicated among the mobiledevices 1204 a-c, and identities of the mobile devices 1204 a-c. Themobile device 1204 a may use a mobile hotspot tethering by connecting tothe mobile device 1204 b. The mobile device 1204 b may generate anelectronic bill for using the mobile data through the mobile device 1204b and send the bill to the mobile device 1204 a. In order to maintainthe anonymity of the users of the mobile devices in the ad hoc group,the electronic bill may be generated and sent through the ad hoc groupserver 122.

In FIG. 11B, individuals 1202 f-h may be in a train having cars 1256a-1256 c. Mobile devices 1204 f-h of the individuals 1202 f-h may forman ad hoc group. Once the mobile devices 1204 f-h are connected to eachother through a short-range wireless communication protocol, (e.g.,Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, mobile hotspot, etc.), the mobile devices 1204 f-h maymaintain the ad hoc group 1250 as long as the mobile devices 1204 f-hare located within the communication range of the establishedshort-range wireless communication protocol. During the short-rangewireless communication access, the mobile devices 1204 f-h may restrictaccess to certain data, e.g., the device information of the mobiledevices 1204 f-h, user profile of the individuals 1202 f-h, etc.

FIG. 12 shows an example vibration pattern generated or detected by amobile device. The pattern of FIG. 12 includes four pulses V1, V2, V3,and V4, which each of pulses V1-V4 having the same amplitude butdifferent pulse widths (e.g., different durations). Although FIG. 12shows time varying pulses, the frequency of vibrations in a pulse, theamplitude of a pulse, and/or a combination thereof may also oralternatively vary in order to implement different vibration patterns.

FIG. 13 shows an example of different vibration patterns. If each mobiledevice randomly generates a unique pattern, it is less likely that twomobile devices select the same vibration patterns. For example, a mobiledevice may derive a unique vibration pattern from the MAC address, IMEI,and/or the phone number of the mobile device. However, for vibrationnotifications within a short period time (e.g., 3 seconds),predetermined patterns (e.g., patterns shown in FIG. 13) may be used.

Different vibration patterns (e.g., the vibration patterns shown in FIG.13) may be assigned to mobile devices in an ad hoc group. A variety ofmobile devices may store preconfigured vibration patterns. For example,as shown in FIG. 13, one short vibration pulse, one long vibrationpulse, three short vibration pulses, and two long vibration pulses maybe preconfigured in a variety of mobile devices. Other vibrationpatterns may also be preconfigured in certain mobile device types.Vibration patterns may be assigned to a mobile device temporarily (e.g.,in connection with a specific ad hoc group) or persistently. In an adhoc group, a quantity of unique patterns may be selected and distributedto the mobile devices in the ad hoc group. Each mobile device in an adhoc group may generate a unique vibration pattern that replicates,mimics, or is derived from a ringtone sound, phone number, serialnumber, and/or other identity assigned to that mobile device. A mobiledevice may generate a different vibration pattern by adding an extravibration pulse to one or more vibration patterns detected from one ormore nearby mobile devices (e.g., the last vibration pattern detectedfrom a nearby mobile device).

Automatic assignments of different vibration patterns to an ad hoc groupmay be performed. For example, the user 202 d in FIG. 2 may place themobile device 225 d on the table 206 after all other mobile devices 225a-225 c, 225 e-225 g were placed on the table 206. The mobile device 225d may determine that it is placed on an object (e.g., the table 206),and generate a vibration signal using a vibration pattern A. Othermobile devices 225 a-225 c, 225 e-225 g may detect the vibration patternA originated from the mobile device 225 d. In response to the detectedvibration pattern A, the mobile devices 225 a-225 c, 225 e-225 g maysequentially generate vibration signals using their own vibrationpattern. The time gap between the reception of the vibration pattern Aand the transmission of the responsive vibration signals (“replyvibration signals”) by the mobile devices 225 a-225 c, 225 e-225 g maybe determined differently according to their own vibration pattern orother ordering schemes.

Each vibration pattern may have a unique, randomly-selected responsedelay time, e.g., between 0 to 1 second. For example, the mobile device225 a may respond in 0.4 second using a vibration pattern B if, forexample, the pattern B is associated with a 0.4 second of a responsedelay time. The mobile device 225 b may not respond within 1 secondalthough it is assigned with a vibration pattern C associated with a 0.7second of a response delay time because the mobile device 225 b sensesthe vibration pattern B originated from the mobile device 225 a beforegenerating the vibration pattern C. Thus, the mobile device 225 a maydetermine the termination of the vibration pattern A from the mobiledevice 225 d, calculate the response delay time (0.4 sec) after thetermination of the vibration pattern A, and generate its own vibrationpattern B. The mobile device 225 b may detect the vibration pattern Bbefore the expiration of its response delay time (0.7 sec). Thus, afterdetecting the termination of the vibration pattern B generated from themobile device 225 a, the mobile device 225 b may wait for 0.7 second andmay generate the vibration pattern C. In this way, the mobile devices225 a-225 c, 225 e-225 g may generate vibration signals sequentially andavoid collisions of vibration signals.

Vibration timing determination may also or alternatively be performed inother ways. For example, if mobile device 225 a is placed on the table206 for the first time, it may monitor other vibration signals for afirst time period after generating a vibration signal. If it does notdetect a responsive vibration signal during the first time period, itmay determine itself as an independent vibration synchronization source,which determines its own response delay time and its vibration pattern.Then, the mobile device 225 b may be placed on the table 206 as thesecond device and may generate a vibration signal and monitor avibration signal from other devices during a second time period aftergenerating the vibration signal.

The vibration signals generated by the mobile devices 225 a and 225 bmay initially be the same or very similar to each other. If the mobiledevice 225 b recognizes the same or similar vibration pattern of themobile device 225 a during the second time period, the device 225 b mayselect and generate a different vibration pattern so that the device 225a may maintain its vibration pattern and use it exclusively in the adhoc group. The mobile device 225 b may measure the response delay timeof the device 225 a and may set its own response delay time differentfrom the response delay time of the device 225 a. For example, thedevice 225 b may measure the time gap between the vibration signalgeneration by the device 225 b and the responsive vibration signalgenerated by the device 225 a.

If the device 225 b does not recognize the same or similar vibrationpattern from the device 225 a during the time period, it may maintainits selected vibration pattern. The mobile device 225 a may detect thevibration pattern of the device 225 b. In response, the device 225 a maygenerate a vibration pattern after the response delay time set by thedevice 225 a. If the vibration patterns are different, an adjustmentprocess may not be necessary. If the device 225 b selected the vibrationpattern identical to the vibration pattern of the device 225 a, it mayselect a different vibration pattern and respond again to the device 225a with the changed vibration pattern. Then, the device 225 a mayrecognize that the device 225 b selected a vibration pattern differentfrom the vibration pattern of the device 225 a. In this manner, othermobile devices subsequently placed on the same table may selectdifferent vibration patterns and different response delay times.

The mobile devices 225 may determine a response order according to theplacement order on the table. For example, if the devices 225 a, 225 b,and 225 c are placed on the same table sequentially, the device 225 amay generate a vibration signal before the device 225 b generates avibration signal, and the device 225 b may generate its vibration signalbefore the device 225 c generates a vibration signal. For example, thedevice 225 a may first generate a vibration signal when placed on atable. If the device 225 a does not detect a responsive vibration signalwithin a threshold time period, it may determine that it is the firstdevice in an ad hoc group in the surrounding environment (e.g., on thetable). Second, the device 225 b may generate a vibration signal whenplaced on the table. Third, the device 225 a may generate a responsivevibration signal within the threshold time period. The device 225 b maydetect the responsive vibration signal and may determine that it is thesecond device in the ad hoc group. Fourth, the device 225 c may generatea vibration signal when placed on the table. Fifth, the device 225 a maygenerate a responsive vibration signal within the threshold time period,and then, the device 225 b may generate a responsive vibration signalwithin the threshold time period. Because the device 225 a precedes thedevice 225 b with respect to the placement order on the table, thedevice 225 a may respond before the device 225 b, in response to thevibration signal generated by the device 225 c. Alternatively, theresponse order may be the reverse order of the placement order. However,when a plurality of mobile devices are placed on the same table almostsimultaneously, other methods described above may be used as well. Forexample, different vibration patterns may be detected simultaneously ifthe mobile devices 225 use different frequencies in generating theirvibration patterns. If a limited number of frequencies are available ingenerating vibration patterns, different combinations of availablefrequencies may be used to increase the quantity of different vibrationpatterns based on varying frequencies.

If the device 225 b is picked up and placed back on the same table 206within a certain threshold time period, the device 225 b may send out ashort pulse confirming that the device 225 b is on the same table 206 asbefore. This short absence does not require the device 225 b to conductthe vibration pattern assignment process again.

A mobile device (or other types of communication devices) may performthe functions of the ad hoc group server 122 described herein. Forexample, the mobile device performing the functions of the ad hoc groupserver 122 may coordinate with other mobile devices or other ad hocgroups. The ad hoc group server 122 and mobile devices may performvarious other operations described below.

The mobile devices may send GPS location information to the ad hoc groupserver 122 so that the ad hoc group server 122 may determine that themobile devices are collocated. The mobile devices may communicate withthe ad hoc group server 122 via the access points 127 (e.g., a basestation or a Wi-Fi router). The location information may include, e.g.,a set of longitude and latitude coordinates of a mobile device. Themobile devices may send a timestamp of the vibration signal generated bythe first mobile device. For example, if the first mobile devicegenerates a vibration signal for a certain time period, other nearbydevices may detect the start time, end time, and the duration of thevibration signal. A timestamp may include one or more of the start time,end time, and the duration of the vibration signal. Using the timestamp,the ad hoc group server 122 may more accurately identify nearby mobiledevices that detected the vibration signal of the first mobile device.

The ad hoc group server 122 may determine a plurality of mobile devicesto be added to the ad hoc group by receiving a device code and the GPSinformation from each mobile device. The ad hoc group server 122 maydetermine identities of the mobile devices by receiving identityinformation of each mobile device. The ad hoc group server 122 maydisclose only limited portions of identities of the mobile devices tothe ad hoc group so that anonymity of each individual may be maintained.For example, the ad hoc group server 122 may receive mobile phonenumbers, IMEIs, MAC addresses, user profiles, and/or other identifyingdata from each mobile device, but the ad hoc group server 122 mayprovide only the nicknames of individuals associated with the mobiledevices.

If the detailed identities of the group members are not shared among theusers of the mobile devices, one or more users in the ad hoc group maysend a request to another user to obtain more detailed personalinformation of the other user. The detailed personal information mayinclude a mobile phone number, a chatting application ID, the real nameof the other user, etc. Such a request for detailed personal informationmay be transferred to the other user via the ad hoc group server 122. Ifthe other user approves the release of the detailed personalinformation, the ad hoc group server 122 may release the detailedpersonal information of the other user to one or more members in the adhoc group who requested the detailed personal information. The otheruser may be provided with a user interface to select which personalinformation may be released. For example, the other user may approvereleasing his/her mobile phone number while not releasing his/heraddress or real name. Further, the other user's mobile device may havean e-business card registered in an application, such as an e-mailapplication. Certain fields of the business card may be redacted ormodified by user selections and a modified version of the e-businesscard may be provided to other users in the ad hoc group.

Although examples are described above, the various features and stepsmay be combined, divided, omitted, rearranged, revised or augmented inany desired manner. Various alterations, modifications, and improvementswill readily occur to those skilled in art. Such alterations,modifications, and improvements are intended to be part of thisdescription, though not expressly stated herein, and are intended to bewithin the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, theforegoing description is by way of example only, and not limiting.

1. A method comprising: detecting, by a computing device, a vibration;determining that the detected vibration originated from a secondcomputing device; forming, based on determining that the vibrationoriginated from the second computing device, a group comprising thecomputing device and the second computing device; and controlling, basedon forming the group, vibration output by the computing device.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: detecting, by the computingdevice, an event; and wherein the controlling vibration output comprisessuspending, for a suspension time period, output of a vibrationassociated with the event.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:determining, at a first time, that a notification time period followingthe suspension time period coincides with the first time; andoutputting, based on determining that the notification time periodfollowing the suspension time period coincides with the first time, thevibration associated with the event.
 4. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: detecting a second vibration generated by another computingdevice; and outputting, by the computing device and based on thedetected second vibration, a visual notification indicating that thesecond vibration was not output by the computing device.
 5. The methodof claim 1, further comprising outputting, by the computing device, avibration and a visual notification, wherein the visual notificationindicates that the output vibration was output by the computing device.6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, based on avibration pattern of the detected vibration, a different vibrationpattern for the computing device; and outputting the different vibrationpattern to the second computing device.
 7. The method of claim 1,further comprising: establishing, by the computing device and based onthe detected vibration, a short-range wireless communication sessionwith the second computing device.
 8. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: determining, by the computing device, an event; determiningthat the event is associated with a plurality of computing devices thatincludes the computing device; determining that the computing device isnot in a subset of the computing devices designated to output avibration based on occurrence of the event; and forgoing output, by thecomputing device and based on determining that the computing device isnot in the subset, of a vibration associated with the event.
 9. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the computingdevice and based on the detected vibration, a code to join the group;sending, by the computing device and to a group server, the code; andreceiving, by the computing device and from the group server, shareddata associated with the group.
 10. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: determining, by the computing device, an event; determiningthat a noise level, within a threshold distance from the computingdevice, satisfies a noise level threshold; and outputting, based ondetermining that the noise level satisfies the noise level threshold, avibration associated with the event.
 11. The method of claim 10, whereindetermining that the noise level satisfies the noise level thresholdcomprises detecting a vibration from another computing device within apreceding time period.
 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:determining, by the computing device, an event; determining that a noiselevel, within a threshold distance from the computing device, does notsatisfy a noise level threshold; and suspending, based on determiningthat the noise level does not satisfy the noise level threshold, outputof a vibration associated with the event.
 13. The method of claim 1,wherein the computing device is a mobile device, wherein the detectedvibration comprises tactile vibration and sound components associatedwith the second computing device, and wherein controlling vibrationoutput comprises controlling output of tactile vibrations.
 14. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the computingdevice, a notification time window associated with an event, wherein thenotification time window comprises a notification time period and asuspension time period; determining, at a first time, that thesuspension time period coincides with the first time; suspending, basedon determining that the suspension time period coincides with the firsttime, output of a vibration associated with the event; determining, at asecond time, that the notification time period coincides with the secondtime; and outputting, based on determining that the notification timeperiod coincides with the second time, the vibration associated with theevent.
 15. A method comprising: determining, by a computing device, anevent; determining that a noise level, within a threshold distance fromthe computing device, satisfies a noise level threshold; and outputting,based on determining that the noise level satisfies the noise levelthreshold, a tactile vibration associated with the event.
 16. The methodof claim 15, further comprising: detecting, from a second computingdevice, a vibration signal, wherein the vibration signal requests aresponse vibration signal; determining that a noise level, within athreshold distance from the computing device, satisfies the noise levelthreshold; and outputting, based on determining that the noise levelsatisfies the noise level threshold, the response vibration signal. 17.The method of claim 15, further comprising: determining, by thecomputing device, a second event; determining that a noise level, withina threshold distance from the computing device, does not satisfy thenoise level threshold; and suspending, for a suspension time period andbased on determining that the noise level does not satisfy the noiselevel threshold, output of a vibration associated with the second event.18. A method comprising: detecting, by a computing device, a vibration;determining that the detected vibration originated from a secondcomputing device; joining, based on the detected vibration and based ona second signal from a third computing device, a group comprising thecomputing device and the second computing device; and suspending, basedon joining the group, output of a vibration.
 19. The method of claim 18,wherein the second signal is a vibration signal or a radio frequencysignal.
 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising: determining afirst suspension time period associated with a first event type; anddetermining a second suspension time period associated with a secondevent type, wherein the second suspension time period is different fromthe first suspension time period, and wherein the second event type isdifferent from the first event type.
 21. The method of claim 20, whereinthe first event type is a first type of communication and the secondevent type is a second type of communication.